Autor: Ivan Andrijanić and Jacek Bąkowski | AAV 36 (2023) | Strony: 5-38 | https://doi.org/10.60018/AcAsVa.npqm2712
Streszczenie
Śaṅkara is traditionally considered the author of an exceptionally large number of works. Indological scholarship has attempted to filter out some of these works within traditional philological and historical frameworks. Many were, however, taken for granted to be authentic, and no serious research into their authenticity has been conducted. This paper attempts a computational stylometric approach to establish the authenticity of prose commentaries attributed to Śaṅkara. The General Imposters (GI) framework appears to be the most suitable existing method developed for the purpose of verifying authorship. The GI calculates the statistical distance between certain texts’ features and estimates whether the disputed text is closer to the candidate author than to a set of texts that may not have been composed by him. The paper also presents a machine-based method for separating the words and resolving the sandhi in the Sanskrit text, crucial for the procedure. The success rate in verifying authors of undisputed texts appears to be acceptable enough to proceed to the next step, where 18 prose commentaries traditionally attributed to Śaṅkara are subjected to the GI verification procedure. The result conforms to the most conservative assessments of Śaṅkara’s authorship; GI verified the authenticity of the commentaries on the principal Upaniṣads (with the exception of the commentary on the Śvetāśvataropaniṣad) and on the Bhagavadgītā. Besides these, commentaries on the Nṛsiṃha-(pūrva)-tāpanīyopaniṣad and the Adhyātmapaṭala were, rather unexpectedly, also successfully verified as genuine works of Śaṅkara.
This article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Bibliografia
Abbreviations and Primary Sources
ĀāSS 17 = Kṛṣṇayajurvedīyaśvetāśvataropaniṣacchāṃkarabhāṣyopetā, tathā Śaṃkarānandakṛtā Śvetāśvataropaniṣaddīpikā, Nārāyaṇakṛtā Śvetāśvataropaniṣaddīpikā, Vijñānabhagavatkṛtaṃ Śvetāśvataropaniṣadvivaraṇam. Ed. by V. G. Āpaṭe. Ānandāśramasaṃskṛtagranthāvaliḥ 17, 1890.
AbhKBh = Abhidharmakośabhāṣya
AdvS = Advaitasiddhi
AiU = Aitareyopaniṣad
AiUBh = Aitareyopaniṣad-bhāṣya
AŚ = Advaitaśāradā. https://advaitasharada.sringeri.net (accessed 18 January 2024).
BĀUBh = Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadbhāṣya
BĀUBhV = Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadbhāṣyavārtika
Bhām = Bhāmatī
BhG = Bhagavadgītā
BhGBh = Bhagavadgītābhāṣya
BodhCṬ = Bodhisattvayogācāracatuḥśatakaṭīkā
BrS = Brahmasiddhi
BS = Brahmasūtra
BSBh = Brahmasūtrabhāṣya
ChUBh = Chāndogyopaniṣadbhāṣya
DCS = Digital Corpus of Sanskrit. http://www.sanskrit-linguistics.org/dcs/ (accessed 18 January 2024).
GauBh = Gauḍapādīyabhāṣya
GI = General imposters
GRETIL = Göttingen Register of Electronic Texts in Indian Languages. http://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil.html (accessed 18 January 2024).
HastBh = Hastāmalakastotrabhāṣya
Hetu = Hetubindu
IAST = International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration
ĪśvV = Īśvarapratyabhijñāvimarśinī
ĪUBh = Īśopaniṣadbhāṣya
KaUBh = Kaṭhopaniṣadbhāṣya
KeUBh = Kenopaniṣadbhāṣya
MadhyBh = Madhyāntavibhāgabhāṣya
MadhyŚ = Madhyamakaśāstra
MīmŚV = Mīmāṃsāślokavārttika
MMK = (Nāgārjuna’s) Mūlamadhyamakakārikā
MSBh = Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkārabhāṣya
MuUBh = Muṇḍakopaniṣadbhāṣya
NaiṣS = Naiṣkarmyasiddhi
NṛsTBh = Nṛsiṃha-(pūrva)-tāpanīyopaniṣadbhāṣya
NyāyB = Nyāyabindu
NyāyK = Nyāyakusumāñjali
NyāyVṬ = Nyāyavārttikatātparyapariśuddhi
ParS = Paramārthasāra
PātŚVi = Pātañjalayogaśāstravivaraṇa
PramV = Pramāṇavārttika
Pras = Prasannapadā
PraśUBh = Praśnopaniṣadbhāṣya
SanatBh = Sanatsujātīyabhāṣya
ŚDV = Śaṅkaradigvijaya
SiddhB = Siddhāntabindu
ŚūnyS = Śūnyatāsaptati
ŚvUBh = Śvetāśvataropaniṣadbhāṣya
SWS = Sanskrit word splitting
TaittUBh = Taittirīyopaniṣadbhāṣya
TaittUBhV = (Sureśvara’s) Taittirīyopaniṣadbhāṣyavārtika
Tan = Tantrāloka
TanV = Tantravārttika
TSS 41 = The Adhyātmapaṭala of the Āpastambadharma with Vivaraṇa of Śrī Śaṅkara Bhagavatpāda. Ed. by T. Gaṇapati Śāstrī. Trivandrum Sanskrit Series XLI. Trivandrum: Travancore Government Press, 1915.
Upad = Upadeśasāhasrī
Vād = Vādanyāya
VedS = Vedārthasaṃgraha
VibhV = Vibhramaviveka
VigrV = Vigrahavyāvartanī
ViṃS = Viṃśatikasiddhi
VVP 10 = The Works of Sri Sankaracharya. Vol. 10: Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadbhāsya, Chapters 5 and 6, and Nṛsiṃhapūrvatāpanīyabhāṣya. Srirangam: Sri Vani Vilas Press, 1910.
VVP 13 = The Works of Sri Sankaracharya. Vol. 13: Viṣṇusahasranāmabhāṣya and Sanatsujātīyabhāṣya. Srirangam: Sri Vani Vilas Press, 1910.
VVP 18 = The Works of Sri Sankaracharya. Vol. 18: Stotras and Lalitātriśatistotrabhāṣya. Srirangam: Sri Vani Vilas Press, 1910.
YuK = Yuktiṣaṣṭikakārika
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